Question
What type of polarization is supported by ground-wave propagation?
Answer Options
- A) Vertical
- B) Horizontal
- C) Circular
- D) Elliptical
Correct Answer: A
Explanation
Ground-wave propagation relies on the radio wave’s electric field maintaining contact with the surface of the Earth. As the wave travels along the surface, it induces a current in the ground. If the electric field is oriented horizontally, this induced current causes a component of the wave to become out of phase with the remaining wave, leading to rapid cancellation and absorption of the signal.
Ground-wave propagation is only effectively supported by Vertical polarization. A vertically polarized wave (where the electric field is perpendicular to the Earth’s surface) maintains the best contact with the ground and suffers far less loss from surface currents, allowing for longer-distance communication on the MF and low-HF bands.
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