Question
What parameter describes the interaction of a load and transmission line?
Answer Options
- A) Characteristic impedance
- B) Reflection coefficient
- C) Velocity factor
- D) Dielectric constant
Correct Answer: B
Explanation
When a load impedance (Z_L) is connected to a transmission line of characteristic impedance (Z_0), the only time the energy is completely accepted by the load is when Z_L = Z_0. If there is a mismatch, some energy is reflected back toward the source.
This interaction is quantified by the Reflection coefficient (\Gamma). The reflection coefficient is the ratio of the amplitude of the reflected wave to the amplitude of the incident (forward) wave. This parameter is directly related to the Standing Wave Ratio (\text{SWR}) by the formula \text{SWR} = (1 + |\Gamma|) / (1 - |\Gamma|), and it is also equivalent to the S_{11} parameter on a network analyzer.
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